How We Got Here

Volume 1 · Education

Sources

The 47 distinct sources cited in this edition, as recorded in the book's source catalog.

IDAuthorTitleDateLocatorKind
ordinanceContinental CongressNorthwest OrdinanceJuly 13, 1787Article IIIHistorical statute and archival transcription
mcguffeySmithsonian National Museum of American HistoryMcGuffey’s Second Eclectic Reader Revised Edition 1920n.d.Object description and publication historyMuseum object record
social1916Arthur William Dunn, compilerThe Social Studies in Secondary Education1916Bureau of Education Bulletin 1916 no. 28, printed pp. 9–13 and contentsOriginal curriculum committee report
deweyJohn DeweyDemocracy and Education1916Chapters 7 and 16; electronic transcriptionOriginal educational philosophy
countsGeorge S. CountsDare the School Build a New Social Order1932New York: John Day, 1932, printed pp. 28–29 and 47–50Original advocacy text, full first edition scan
brownSupreme Court of the United StatesBrown v Board of EducationMay 17, 1954347 U.S. 483; opinion and archival transcriptionJudicial opinion
civil1964United States CongressCivil Rights Act of 1964July 2, 1964Titles IV and VIHistorical statute
ndeaUnited States House of Representatives, History Art and ArchivesNational Defense Education Actn.d.1958 legislation and institutional historical descriptionArchival legislative history
nsfNational Science FoundationThe National Science Foundation A Brief Historyn.d.Sputnik and curriculum development discussionInstitutional history
engelSupreme Court of the United StatesEngel v Vitale1962370 U.S. 421Judicial opinion
schemppSupreme Court of the United StatesAbington School District v Schempp1963374 U.S. 203Judicial opinion
barnetteSupreme Court of the United StatesWest Virginia State Board of Education v Barnette1943319 U.S. 624Judicial opinion
tinkerSupreme Court of the United StatesTinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District1969393 U.S. 503Judicial opinion
titleixNational Archives and Records AdministrationLegislation and Advocacyn.d.Education Amendments of 1972 and Title IXArchival legislative history
ideaUnited States Department of EducationA History of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Actn.d.1975 enactment and subsequent amendmentsAgency legislative history
riskNational Commission on Excellence in EducationA Nation at Risk The Imperative for Educational ReformApril 1983Findings and recommendationsOriginal commission report
readingpanelNational Reading PanelReport of the National Reading Panel Findings and Determinations by Topic AreasApril 2000Phonics, fluency and comprehension sectionsResearch synthesis
essaUnited States CongressEvery Student Succeeds ActDecember 10, 2015Public Law 114–95Historical statute
eseahistoryUnited States Department of EducationEvery Student Succeeds Act A New Education Lawn.d.ESEA, NCLB and ESSA historical overviewAgency legislative history
civicsNational Center for Education StatisticsWhat Does the NAEP Civics Assessment Measuren.d.2022 assessment framework descriptionAssessment documentation
reading2024National Center for Education Statistics2024 NAEP Reading Results2025Grade 4 national results and achievement level cautionsOfficial assessment results
math2024National Center for Education Statistics2024 NAEP Mathematics Results2025Grade 4 national resultsOfficial assessment results
literacyhistoryNational Center for Education Statistics120 Years of Literacyn.d.Historical measurement discussion excerpted from 120 Years of American Education, 1993Statistical history
dressUnited States Government Accountability OfficeK–12 Education Department of Education Should Provide Information on Equity and Safety in School Dress CodesOctober 25, 2022GAO–23–105348, highlights and methodologyGovernment audit
fitnessJohn F Kennedy Presidential Library and MuseumCouncil on Youth Fitness The Soft AmericanDecember 26, 1960–March 7, 1961, and undatedPresident’s Office Files, folder 094–003Archival folder record
vocationalNational Archives and Records AdministrationRecords of the Office of Educationn.d.Federal Board for Vocational Education historical descriptionArchival agency history
perkinsUnited States Department of Education, Office of Career Technical and Adult EducationPerkins Vn.d.July 31, 2018 enactmentAgency legislative history
apprenticeUnited States Department of LaborApprenticeship Act Allows Labor Department to Oversee On the Job TrainingAugust 16, 1937 historical eventHistorical timeline entryAgency historical record
nceesNational Council of Examiners for Engineering and SurveyingAbout NCEESn.d.History timeline, 1907 and 1920Regulatory organization history
ncsbnNational Council of State Boards of NursingNCSBN Timeline 1986 to 1994n.d.1994 computerized adaptive testingRegulatory organization history
abuse2010United States Government Accountability OfficeK–12 Education Selected Cases of Public and Private Schools That Hired or Retained Individuals with Histories of Sexual MisconductDecember 8, 2010GAO–11–200, case selection and findingsGovernment investigation
abuse2014United States Government Accountability OfficeChild Welfare Federal Agencies Can Better Support State Efforts to Prevent and Respond to Sexual Abuse by School PersonnelJanuary 27, 2014GAO–14–42, highlightsGovernment audit
jrotcUnited States Government Accountability OfficeJunior Reserve Officers Training Corps Additional Actions Needed to Improve Oversight and Prevent Instructor Sexual MisconductJanuary 20, 2026GAO–26–107524, key takeaways and study methodsGovernment audit
pandemicUnited States Government Accountability OfficePandemic Learning Less Academic Progress Overall Student and Teacher Strain and Implications for the FutureJune 2022GAO–22–105816, survey findings and limitationsGovernment survey report
techplanUnited States Department of Education, Office of Educational TechnologyA Call to Action for Closing the Digital Access Design and Use DividesJanuary 20242024 National Educational Technology Plan, introductionOriginal policy plan
boardingUnited States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian AffairsFederal Indian Boarding School Initiativen.d.2022 and July 2024 investigative reportsAgency investigation overview
gibillUnited States CongressServicemen’s Readjustment ActJune 22, 1944Education and training provisionsHistorical statute and archival transcription
flexnerAbraham FlexnerMedical Education in the United States and Canada1910Carnegie Foundation Bulletin 4, medical education recommendationsOriginal commissioned report
aafcsAmerican Association of Family and Consumer SciencesAAFCS and FCS FAQn.d.What happened to the old home economics and how is FCS differentProfessional association account
cardinal1918National Education Association Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary EducationCardinal Principles of Secondary Education1918Bureau of Education Bulletin 1918 no. 35, sections III, IV and XVIOriginal reform report
mcguffeytextWilliam Holmes McGuffey series, revised editionMcGuffey’s Second Eclectic ReaderPreface dated June 1879; later copyright notices in transcribed editionPreface and Lesson XXIII, The Torn Doll; Project Gutenberg transcriptionPrimary instructional text
commoncoreNational Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School OfficersCommon Core State Standards for English Language Arts and Literacy in History Social Studies Science and Technical SubjectsJune 2, 2010Main standards document served at this URL when consulted; printed pp. 3–6, introduction and scopeOriginal standards document
mclaMassachusetts College of Liberal ArtsThe College and Its History2025–2026 Academic CatalogHistorical names and institutional mission, 1894, 1932, 1960 and 1997Institutional historical account
attainmentNational Center for Education StatisticsRates of high school completion and bachelor’s degree attainment among persons age 25 and overDigest of Education Statistics 2023, table 104.10High school completion or higher, total population, 1940 and 2020 rows; methodological notesOfficial historical statistical table
arts2014National Coalition for Core Arts StandardsFrequently Asked Questionsn.d.; describes June 4, 2014 revisionRevision date and voluntary status; listed disciplinesIssuing organization account
regents1998New York State Education DepartmentRegents Examination in United States History and GovernmentJanuary 27, 1998Cover and printed pp. 2, 9–11; original examination scanOriginal administered examination
regents2025New York State Education DepartmentRegents Examination in United States History and GovernmentJanuary 22, 2025Cover and printed pp. 3, 17, 21–24 and 31Original administered examination